Thursday, December 17, 2015

"Cultural Territories of Disability" with Simi Linton


"What passes for disability representation in the arts 
is instead mostly fantasy about us."

Simi Linton
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Disability and Democracy

On December 3rd, 2015, Simi Linton spoke to a collection of several classes, as well as faculty and students in GWU's Crip/Queer Studies contingent. Her remarks, which she entitled, "Cultural Territories of Disability," took on the form of a seminar style dialog with the audience. Over the hour and a half, she examined the history and current contexts of disability in the public, the role of disability arts in democracy, and engaged students with a screening of some of her films that illustrate the lived affects art has on people with a diversity of embodiments. Professor David Mitchell introduced Linton and explained that her work has already been an influential part of his course which was now in its final weeks. Indeed, the event was a special treat for students who were able to receive a clarification and continuation of thoughts they had been stewing on all semester.

Throughout her talk, Linton expanded on what she meant by "bringing disability activism into the democracy through the arts." Turning back to the audience, she opened up the questions to the audience, "what is democracy?" and, "how does art influence disabling systems of power?" Various responses were offered, ranging from the formal center of government, major corporations, the media, and the micro-encounters of daily life. Democracy as an idea is then more than a mode of ruling a nation but a way of looking at society as made up of micro-communities of power that are constantly in flux. In such a view, it is not enough to simply pass legislation or elect representatives, but transform needs to occur along massively distributed and systematic channels. It is along these channels that power flows, in contrast to other theories of social interaction that put a greater emphasis on centers or organs of authority. As much as disability justice needs to penetrate these bastions of rulership in order to effect change, it also needs to effect the network of ideas, emotions, and daily acts that are not localizable to one place or person. Power exists between people, not merely in them.


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The Cultural Authority of Disability

At the start of her talk, Linton explained how her first book came out of a dinner at a restaurant with the desire to portray disability as an active mode of embodying the self and society rather than a passive state. As a discerning period, Linton decided that working in the academy would put too many limitations on her time, work, and conversations. In the end, she decided to leave the ivory tower of teaching, "to bring disability into the public" and use the arts to reorient societal orientations, "the cultural authority of disability." Disability justice requires mass participation in order to transform the physical and societal environments that disable those with non-normative embodiments. As Linton brought the audience into the conversation on disability culture, she spurred competition between classes in order to get a diversity of vantage points and to push the attending classes to see crip cultural authority as a good worth fighting to develop. 

At another stopping point, Linton and Mitchell discussed disability justice as working to move beyond the compulsory struggle "to be like the able-bodied" and to move instead into offering distinct vantages and goods as different kinds of crip bodies. This form of disability studies effectively is about a change of perspective, turning from exterior social view of disability to seeing the self and society from the disabled vantage. This "vantage," Linton stresses, combines a better understanding of crip knowledge (i.e. vantage points, the places and modes of how people perceive) and of crip power (i.e. advantage, the areas in which crip embodiments are better attuned to the world; perhaps suggestion a new way of conceiving of the "dis-advantage" of "dis-ability"). An implicit part of this shift in crip culture and justice is the movement of disability from being an object of study for those in the center of cultural authority to placing disability in the center of things then reviewing and reorienting from that vantage.


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Architecture of Exclusion 

Over the years disability representation and accommodations have increased under the banner of "multiculturalism," admits Linton, but observes that people often mistake and undermine what it means. In regards to the current state of multiculturalism in arts and the democracy, especially as it relates to disability, Linton notes, "more people know what multiculturalism is against rather than what it is for." As with feminism being portrayed as mere antagonism to men and masculinity, people (especially people of privilege) see multiculturalism as a demanding force (much like a whining child) to which they must continually make concessions. By this view, diversity is that ever present nag that invades the media and communities of straight, white ablebodied cisgender men and takes away things from them bit by bit. They frustratedly ask, "when is it enough for you people?" Yet this attitude shows that despite the little accommodations made, those people in power have not changed their sense of values. Disability and diversity (whether its women, people of color, queers, or trans people) remain groups of "others" who are less and have less than them. This vantage refuses to see diversity itself as a strength or the gifts that diverse peoples possess. But this concession of ideology would require the admission that for all their power, people of privilege are actually less able, less knowing, less rich than those over which they lord their whiteness or normativity. Once the admission is made, "their difference from me has value, authority, and power," suddenly disability and diversity becomes something to be desired and welcomed, not merely accommodated.

The need for the transformation of democracy is evident then not only in the big injustice of government but in the "micro-aggressions" that occur in every day life. Working with a term that has received some use and misunderstanding, Linton defines and nuances meaning of micro-aggressions as the daily acts of ableism that occur despite major social victories. Often, in fact, the "backlash" after concessions are finally made (however small) to disability justice can drastically increase in number and forms after a few major concessions. One example that Linton called on to illustrate this is what she calls, "the Architecture of Exclusion." She defines this as architecture that reflects a dismissal, devaluing, or even frustration with disability as a result of unwillingly making the concessions to design, such as ramps or automatic doors. In one case, documented in one of her films, the ramp of an art center was so hidden that it not only took her away and out of sight from the public (as if she in her wheelchair was a problem for the building's aesthetic) but was covered and narrow so that she felt isolated and confined. The ramp did not allow for her to travel alongside friends and thus cut off her ability to converse with others who used the ramp with her. Evidently, the ramp was not built for the pleasure of people in wheel chairs and indeed wanted them out of the way as much as possible. The cumulative effect was that she felt alienated and marginalized by the building's unwelcoming layout at the same moments concessions are being made.

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Other Crip/Queer Events at GWU




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As a writer, consultant and public speaker, Simi Linton is one of America’s foremost experts on disability and the arts. She works with a diverse range of cultural organizations – theatre companies, film and television producers, museums, non-profit arts companies, universities, and other groups across the country – to improve and increase the way disability is represented and depicted in all art forms.

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Sunday, December 13, 2015

Transgender and Childhood: Sympathizing with Stefonknee Wolscht


"It's a fresh start...
I'm living life like I couldn't"

Stephanie Wolscht
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Sister // Cister

I am sitting in the Glenbard West auditorium in Glen, Ellyn Illinois waiting for my sister to take the stage with the rest of her ballet class. I am eight years old. She is six. My sister has been practicing for weeks after kindergarten with a class of other young girls. The routines are basic - bending the knee, pointing the feet, small jumps (hops). The most difficult task for children at this stage seems to be coordination. The whole group must remember the moves, or be able to know enough to closely follow the teacher as she mirrors the positions off to the side, and execute them as a set. This involves working together over many nights to become comfortable with the other girls, be able to read and anticipate the other girls' movements, and work together as a cohesive group. Even if the leaps aren't very high (they are hops) and the poses are not perfectly straight lines, the overall effect of seven to nine girls moving in sequence to the music is fun and adorable. Beyond excellence in fine arts, the real goal of the dance class is to learn what it means to work as a group - and being able to perform the role of sweet girls in pink and black tights sufficiently for an auditorium of shutter-bug parents. Each used enough film to permit sending a copy to all friends and family who will feign interest (Note: growing up in the late 1980's we were decades away from the instant point-n-click digital phone cameras that make filming my own daughters much cheaper and more exact). All in all, between the group-building and performance, my sister and these girls were being indoctrinated into white, middle-class midwestern girlhood. And my sister looked damn cute doing it.

Listening to the violins and cellos launch the young ballerinas into a routine of circles, leaps, and bended knees, I remember a distant sadness tinged with frustration. I desired to be up there with my sister. This was not simply an attraction to the art-form and the pretty pixie-like outfits that accompanied it, but the fellowship with the other girls. Yet for my identification, traits, and desires I was assigned male at birth. So much of my life could have been different except for the trajectory that one final syllable of a three word sentence from a doctor ("It's a boy") that directed me for two decades. Had the medical professional clairvoyance to utter "girl" at the end or the radical pragmatism not to reduce the complex mental, emotional, sexual, hormonal, social system of gender down to a few misleading aspects of my biology my life could have turned out much differently. Certainly, if the field had been the same or leveled between my sister and me, I would have been down there with her on stage, dancing my little ballerina heart out. That however was not the way things happened then and there. As part of the educational and socializing process of making me into a proper boy, I had been daily drawn away from female friends and activities and oriented towards games with boys. While decidedly geeky boys, a few with feminine or queer flourishes of their own, the culture and community I was paired with kept the dance shoes and leaps at a distance from me. The closest I was ever brought was these old, knitted wool seats over metal frames that gave me a clear view of my sister and the education she was receiving.

Ironically, my sister eventually quit ballet. As we grew up and each learned to assert our own desires and disgusts, my sister increasingly threw away the pink and the frilly, while I coveted them even in their going. I didn't begrudge her discarding ballet or the other normative accouterment of girlhood, although I was sad to learn that she did so out of pressure from her friends. They were hers to do with what she would. Yet in ways neither of us had complete control over how we were and would become women. Don't get me wrong, some of it she was able to own and enjoy. Other parts she would reclaim later in life. She can tart it up with the best of us now that we are adults and be a real knock out. She can also knock you out with a right hook to the face if you call her that in the wrong tone. (Note: despite being younger, my cute but stone-cold tough sister looked out for me a lot growing up and still does today). All things considered, for myself, I simply envied her ability to say "No" to ballet; even as we are never offered a full choice. There were parts of girl culture I may not have wanted either, especially its compulsory surrender and subjugation to the power and privilege the boys were being prepared to inherit from the reigning forms of patriarchy.  Those I would not wish on any girl. Yet I desired the choice, the liberty, the power of refusing a thing that was offered. I wanted the offer to come as though this too were my birthright, as if the sisterhood welcomed me as own of its own. Without such doors being opened and young trans girls invited inside, it can and did take years for me to knock on those gates on my own - and where I found them barred against me to push, pry, and break down the barricades - and claim the womanhood (along with the assorted dance shoes and lessons) that I was not offered.


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The Loss of Stephanie Wolscht

"She said stop being trans or leave. So that - to me - stop being trans was not something I could do," says Stefonknee Wolscht as part of the Transgender Project film series. "I was trans before me married. I was a trans parent for twenty-three years. It floored me. It scared me. Because I didn't know how to not be trans." At the age of forty-six, Wolscht came out as a trans woman to her family, a wife and seven children. After her wife's rejection of her, she became alienated from her family of many years, a loss anti-transgender media blames on her decision to transition. In fact, while Wolscht experienced homelessness as well as joblessness because of being transgender, the press continues to publish stories of her life, painting her as a villain: Transgender father Stefonknee Wolschtt (52) leaves family to live life as six-year-old girl. As a result, Wolscht moved forward, making changes to her life on the basis that she would never be accepted by her current family. "It's a fresh start," says Wolscht. "I can't deny that I was married. I cant deny I have children. But I've moved forward. I have gone back to be a child.... I just live my life like I couldn't when I was in school." She now has new adopted parents and sister. At first she lived as eight-years-old until her younger sister wanted to be the older sibling. At her sister's request, she now lives as a six-year-old. In addition to her new family life, Wolscht also works a snow-plow and helps raise awareness about the diversity of ways and reasons to transition gender. She remains a practicing Catholic as well as a transgender advocate. In particular, she pushes what she calls, "play therapy." "No medication, no suicide thoughts," claims Wolscht. "And I just get to play." As part of the Transgender Project, Wolscht's story furthers its goal to archive and reflect, "the broad diversity that exists within the trans community itself." Rather than trying to judge and stratify the different people and ways to be trans, the Transgender Project shares and celebrates lives from across Canada as as the personal, particular stories they are.

Despite and because of the counter-normative aspects of Wolstch's story, there are reasons to sympathize with and defend her story. Her narrative came to me through a friend who wanted my opinion on an article, "Fifty-Two Year Old Man Living As Six-Year Old Girl. Seriously." First, it should be observed that in this relatively short article references as it's only scholarly authority Dr. Paul McHugh, a former psychiatrist-in-chief at John Hopkins Hospital, one of the only professional psychiatrists in the academy that out right opposes "transgenderism" as a mental disease to be fixed. Dr. McHugh's anti-transgender theories have been debunked by decades of scholarship and professional health organizations, includingThe American Medical Association, the American Psychological Association, the American College of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the American Psychiatric Society, the American Public Health Association, and the World Professional Association for Transgender HealthYet nearly every time an article or group wishes to demonize a transgender person they trot him out as their source. That sets up this article from the onset as an attack against the transgender justice movement by pulling out members of the transgender community that may be considered less palatable as a way of painting the whole community. We saw similar attacks happening simply when transgender was used as an analogy in the discussion of a "trans racial" person. Before saying anything else, we must ask the question: why do we need to give an opinion about this person? What is to be gained by judging, condemning, or promoting this person's story? The age and the gender matter do not seem automatically related. The subculture of living as a different age has many members although it is rather taboo still to the public. 

Where I see transgender and transitioning age intersecting is evident in her story: that society had already turned its back on her, she was already marginalized, already queer, so what is to be gained by playing by society's rules? "I'm gender queer, I'm queer... I'm queer," Wolscht stutters in her interview, acknowledging the many ways that she diverges away from normative rules of gender, sexuality, and maturity. Indeed, Wolstch's story shows how culture tells us that there are only a few acceptable ways to be normal but nearly infinite ways to be different, so why not revel in that freedom that comes with being an outcast? Dealing with the absences and failures of our childhood during adulthood is something we all experience in our own ways. For the trans community this is often goes beyond those of non-transgender people. One important issue that I believe her story brings to the forefront is that because many trans people are not able to transition until later in life, many of us are denied the childhoods of our cisters and cis-brothers. People are more aware of the effects of transition on our future trajectories but not enough consider the lived experiences that transitioning has on our pasts. I've had close friends looking through pictures of us all together in high-school, point to me pre-transition and ask, "Who is that?" Others tell me, "I keep thinking that is your brother, not you!" I bring this up to substantiate my empathy for a trans woman who has decided to live out the girlhood she was denied as a child. For her this is not necessarily a regression, more like a do-over or an example of living one's lifetime non-linearly. "There are days I forget my past," claims Wolscht. "I can actually go a week without even thinking about what was before."  Again, how many of us watch movies, buy classic games, eat foods, or go places that we did as a child or were denied as a child as a form of revisiting and taking ownership of our childhood.




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Once Again from the Beginning

I am in the Glenbard West auditorium waiting for a new class of ballet students to take the stage. I am eighteen and working the sound and light board earning money as a theater technician for the school. I press a button on the light board to bring up the next program in the cue. The stage shifts from moody blues and purples to a friendly pink and yellow. A whole change in emotion and experience with a simple click of a button. If only life and gender were so simple. Stepping out of the booth, I pad down the steps of the balcony overlooking the stage and floor seating below. Dim pink lights spill over the performers and paints my face. The music is so sweet I can feel it in my teeth. The high notes are spiking the sound system causing the compressors to kick in momentarily and equalize the volume. I take note to lower the levels on the mixing board. Before I head back up, I observe the performers and audience. There are a few more boys on stage. A few more dads in the audience too. But had any of those boys (or fathers for that matter) said, "I'm actually a girl," that would be a sissone en avent too far. This was a time and place where you would hear, "It's okay to be gay!" spoken in public by the same people who in private would say, "did you hear that Tim and Jill's daughter is a lesbian? I feel so sorry for them." As far as I recall, I never heard the word "transgender" spoken aloud in my town. Even in PRISM, our "gay-straight alliance" (a phrase which more or less accurately described a group that for most of my years consisted of one open gay man and a bunch of "straight" friends from theater - most of whom would come out or transition in college), we would use the term LGBT without ever stating aloud what the T represented. No, as far as Glen Ellyn was willing to admit and accept, there were no open and proud trans kids in its school. At some point, I turned back to the lighting and sound booth to make this a great show for for all those trans kids who were and weren't yet welcomed; plus their cisters and brothers too.

It wasn't until years later, in college, that I finally signed myself up for ballet courses. I was a couple years into my public transition. My friends and roommates knew I had started taking lessons but few of them knew my history with dance. They saw black tights and new shoes. I saw a new chance to own my life. No, I wasn't claiming or trying to be eight - or six - years old. But I was finally giving myself something I hadn't been offered as a child. I was giving myself permission to dance. I had also given myself permission to go further. After all, ballet is never simply about the dancing. Over my years in college, I came out as a woman, and as transgender. Transitioning to bring my life and body back in line took work, coming in many forms and stages. I don't need to go through them here and now. Importantly, once again, most my friends were women; many of them dancers. Because I transitioned later, as a young woman, my friends and I did not share the same kind of girlhood, that time had passed. One possible exception became evident when I came out to my sister, however. By another uncanny twist of personality, at the same time that I was in college becoming a ballerina, my sister was in high school, adopting to wearing a black leather jacket and working with the technical theater kids in the sound and lighting booth. This would be a profession and a look she would keep and add modify (with buzzed hair and nose-ring) into her twenties as she pursues work in the film industry. She can also be sweet and pretty as hell. When I came out to her, told her I was transitioning, she laughed. Not at me but at herself. "Oh, I'm sorry," she said. "growing up I just always said you were one pair of tits away from being my sister. Now I feel bad." Don't, I told her as we hugged. She was right. It was a wisdom and truth she derived from our experiences together from when I first held her in my arms as a newborn until we held each other in my college apartment. We had a different childhood but we were always there for each other, in our own ways, as sister and cister. That's something I'd never want to change.
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Sunday, December 6, 2015

#TransformHate: On Violence Against Transgender Women


"It feels better biting down"

Lorde
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Someone, maybe me, should say something intellectual, researched, and articulate about assault against women, queers, and trans persons of all kinds, but that is not me right now. This is now. This is personal.

I was recently victim to multiple kinds and levels of assault on a train car filled by young cismen. Days later, I'm still angry.

Thought about tweets I made on how my PhD, family, articles, and invites to the White House don't matter to actors of public violence.

If I am found raped, beaten or dead on a train in Baltimore, the perpetrators won't have asked or cared about my credentials.


No one who has ever shouted at me, mocked me, stared at me, moved their children away from me, taken my picture, or touched me in public without my permission have ever asked me who I am.

Who I am doesn't protect me. I have a box full of the names and stories of people whose names and stories didn't protect them. Hate doesn't ask.

In life we are made individual & isolated, in death we are all alike & together; in a box that asks the question: will you be me when I'm gone? 


The anger won't heal me. But there it is. Men put it in me like a rapist's child. It's an invader in my body & it grows. For me, the labor is mine, to birth it into something better than those who gave it me.

A feminist friend of mine once asked, "What's the point in fighting anymore? Nothing is going to change." The best I can offer is to say, we fight because we can't not fight. Because it feels better biting down.

#TransformHate

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